The Yellow Wallpaper as a Guide To Insanity and Madness

The Yellow Wallpaper as a Guide To Insanity There comes John, and I must put this away- he hates to have me write a word (p659). As evident by the above quote, Gilman places the narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper as secluded as she could be; she is placed in a large house, surrounded only by her husband and by little help (Jennie), when it is unfortunately clear that her relationship with her husband is based on distance and misunderstanding: It is so hard to talk with John about my case, because he is so wise, and because he loves me so(p 663). Gilman further confines her narrator as it becomes clear that the poor soul has absolutely no one to talk to; that is, no one who can understand her. The narrator is cornered by her†¦show more content†¦Any other perspective that she could have reached (such as her husband or hired help) is biased from the core! That is, biased from the narrators point of view. In some cases of mental illness the subject questions its own reality, yet the narrator is positively sure about her o wn. The narrator does not even waste her time on trying to get a second or third opinion. She knows what she sees, and she sees a woman figure behind the horrific wallpaper. Her tone is rather calm for such a discovery, and that is the second aspect of her tone; she is fully comfortable with her imaginary world; far more comfortable than she is in her real world. Throughout the story, Gilman holds us attentive and sympathetic due to the specific positioning of the narrator; the narrator confides in us and us alone. The whole story is told as journal entries and personal thoughts. In reading the journal entries we fell privileged and intimate. Yet it is the personal thoughts that actually hold us captive in the realm of lunacy, a literal invitation into an insane mind in which we have no other option rather than actually seeing the twisted world that she sees, through her own eyes. To further establish the role of the narrator, we must now clarify the meaning of the story. The latter objective becomes easily feasible, for Gilmans Why I Wrote The Yellow Wallpaper leaves little place for argument. It was not intendedShow MoreRelatedCharlotte Perkins Gilman s The Yellow Wallpaper1666 Words   |  7 PagesImagine being waited on hand and foot in a mansion, yet removed from society, your own baby and any work that arouses your mind. Such is the life of the wife in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper, whose husband diagnoses her with a temporary nervous depression and leaves her to his improper care which includes isolation, lots of medication and a strict suspension of mental stimulation. The short story reflects the excessive power of men over their wives during the nineteenth centuryRead MoreGender as Portrayed in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† 1339 Words   |  6 Pageshave undergone constant, but sometime subtle, revisions throughou t generations. Gender roles can be defined as the expectations for the behaviors, duties and attitudes of male and female members of a society, by that society. The story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† is a great example of this. There are clear divisions between genders. The story takes place in the late nineteenth century where a rigid distinction between the domestic role of women and the active working role of men exists (â€Å"Sparknotes†)Read More Repression of Women Exposed in The Yellow Wallpaper1873 Words   |  8 PagesRepression of Women Exposed in The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The short story The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman gives a brilliant description of the plight of the Victorian woman, and the mental agony that her and many other women were put through as treatment for depression when they found that they were not satisfied by the life they had been given.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the late nineteenth century when the Yellow Wallpaper was written, the role of wife and mother, whichRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesInsanity manifests itself within society in two unsettling scenarios: one being when the true darkness lurking in the inner recesses of one’s mind takes control, and the other being when society attempts to oppress certain peculiar individuals by ascribing mental instability upon the public’s perception of them. Throughout Charlotte Perkins Gilman s short story, The Yellow Wallpaper, it is rather ambiguous to which of these two nightmarish scenarios the narrator is enduring. From the beginningRead More Feminism, Womanhood, and The Yellow Wallpaper2218 Words   |  9 PagesFeminism, Womanhood, and The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Victorian period in American history spawned a certain view of women that in many ways has become a central part of gender myths still alive today, although in a diluted way. In this essay, some characteristics of this view of women, often called The Cult of True Womanhood, will be explored with reference to Thomas R. Dew Dissertation on the Characteristic Differences Between the Sexes (1835). Some of the feminist developments arising

Essay On Thanksgiving - 2044 Words

official new day of thanksgiving. Of all its seasons of anarchy, creation never conceived that its sin of corruption would ever become mighty enough to kill a God. It also brought many to collapse on the ground to claw at the dirt in anguish. They looked upon Him, the one they pierced, and mourned for Him as one mourns for an only child and grieved bitterly. His body was taken and placed in state on the Temple Mount where mourners came to bring flowers and stood by His side in a candlelight vigil of prayer and supplication. Nations came to believe the time had arrived, the beginning of the end that eventually comes to all dictatorships. The secular and church world waited in all smugness for Utopia and everything it advocated to be†¦show more content†¦Never had they ever conceived of reaching such a pinnacle—they shot God in the head. They gloated with satisfaction, smiling in their sleep. Three days lapsed, allowing enough time for everyone to expel themselves of self-made jokes about a rotting Messiah and a rotting God when the unbelievable came to pass. The prayer vigil on the Temple Mount reached the ears of a Creator who was a stones throw away. Life again entered the body of Gods Anointed One, causing Him to sit erect on His own. His movement orchestrated the world to fall again down to the hopelessness they believed they had risen and escaped. Jews on the Temple Mount blew every shofar, rang every bell, and sang praises to God that outdid the praising of all their ancestors combined. The plight of global hunger caused humanity to stand shoulder to shoulder along the worlds beaches with fishing poles in hand, trying to catch a fish to eat. Woe to the person who caught something edible and tried to carry it home without an escort. Having given up on a God who does nothing but take, the hungry and torn cursed at the sunset, knowing it would bring another dreadful sunrise. Self-pity was used for a salve to ease heart bleeding, while no one could remember ever being stabbed. After coming so close to fulfilling their hopes, learned it was a false hope, they were led to dream how wonderful life could be if God and His angels would drop dead and rot. They hoped to moveShow MoreRelatedEssay On Thanksgiving831 Words   |  4 Pages Thanksgiving is a day to give thanks to your life and everyone and everything in it. Thanksgiving is thought of in different ways and is celebrated in unlike ways. Families have divergent meals, places that they visit on Thanksgiving, a nd activities that they enjoy taking part in on Thanksgiving. Overall, no matter what traditions there are, what meals you have, or the activities enjoyed on Thanksgiving, Thanksgiving is truly a wonderful holiday. There are many places that peopleRead More Thanksgiving Essay examples588 Words   |  3 Pagessurprising. Thanksgiving and the Pilgrims seem to go together, but the truth is, the Pilgrims never held an autumnal Thanksgiving feast. However the Pilgrims did have a feast in 1621, after their first harvest, and it is this feast, which people often refer to as quot;The First Thanksgivingquot;. This feast was never repeated, though, so it cant be called the beginning of a tradition, nor was it termed by the colonists or quot;Pilgrimsquot; a Thanksgiving Feast. In fact, a day of thanksgiving was aRead MoreThe Tradition of Thanksgiving Essay819 Words   |  4 Pagesbefore the dormancy of winter settles in, the annual compensation of Thanksgiving brings families and friends together to celebrate life with food. Common on most tables, turkey, stuffing, green bean casserole and pumpkin pie fill our stomachs and warm our hearts. Each Thanksgiving brings about the recognition of a yea r’s worth of changes and last Thanksgiving is no exception. Being part of an eight-child family, I enjoy Thanksgiving with 30+ members and, although several have come and gone, it seemsRead MoreThanksgiving Day Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagestime joy and heartwarming love. Every year, on the fourth Thursday of November, a special holiday of overeating and watching football comes around. That holiday is Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving Day is a day to spend time with family and enjoy a large, delicious home-cooked meal. In some household there are traditions that come with Thanksgiving. For example, the eldest child and her uncle prepare the entire meal while the child’s parents, aunt, and two little cousins spend the day talking, drinking, andRead MoreEssay on History of Thanksgiving885 Words   |  4 Pages Thanksgiving is a very important holiday in present-day American culture. People all throughout America take extra care to make this day a memorable and happy celebration. This tradition has been in the American lifestyle since 1621 wh en it first started. Even though this tradition has been altered and changed the significance and meaning remains the same. The first Thanksgiving was an important landmark and made a huge imprint in the American culture today. The first Thanksgiving was celebratedRead MorePersuasive Essay About Thanksgiving881 Words   |  4 PagesHow different are our Thanksgivings? How many people do you know that do things differently than you for Thanksgiving? Thanksgiving is a time where you get your whole family together and spend time with each other. During your time together, you reminisce about hilariously weird memories and laugh at all of the amazingly fun times you guys have had together. Also, you feast and make more memories that you will have with you forever! When you are with whoever’s house you go to, you get to be you andRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Thanksgiving1766 Words   |  8 Pages For families across the United States, Thanksgiving is a holiday to come together with family and loved ones to celebrate the good things life has to offer. Before analyzing my own family’s Thanksgiving festivities, I hadn’t given much thought to way we celebrate and what the underlying meanings of our actions are. While some of the traditions of the holiday say something about our society as a whole, I was also able to view the implicit meanings of my family’s specific actions. This analysis madeRead MoreComparing Thanksgiving and Christmas Essay555 Words   |  3 Pageswere always Thanksgiving and Christmas. This time of the year always is the happiest because everything feels so refreshing because I am spending quality time with the people I love most. When it comes to Thanksgiving and Christmas, I always seem to have the most memorable good and bad moments. These holidays have very different meanings but have the same feeling because it symbolizes, good foo d, good times with family and a whole lot of drama. When I think about Thanksgiving and ChristmasRead MoreEssay on Friendship in The Thanksgiving Visitor652 Words   |  3 PagesThe Thanksgiving Visitor In Truman Capote’s The Thanksgiving Visitor, a connection is exposed between the main character, Buddy, and his elderly best friend, Miss Sook, which serves as the center point of the story and reveals much about the intricacies of human nature. An autobiographical tale, the author describes his childhood of the 1930s in rural Alabama. An 8-year-old orphan who lives with his four cousins of sixty-plus years, he is an outcast among his peers who finds school and life outsideRead More The Second Tradition of Thanksgiving Essay807 Words   |  4 Pages When the great holiday of Thanksgiving comes to mind, most people think of becoming total gluttons and gorging themselves with a seemingly unending amount of food. Others might think of the time spent with family and friends. The whole basis of the holiday is family togetherness, fellowship, and thankfulness for blessings received during the previous year. Every family has their own unique way of spending time together with loved ones only seen during the holidays.

Biography of Lena Maria Klingvall free essay sample

Biography of Lena Maria Klingvall Background: Lena Maria Klingvall, from Jonkoping, Sweden, was 20 years old when she became known to the Swedish TV-viewers through the documentary called ‘Goal in Sight’. Lena Maria was born in 1968 without arms and with only one healthy leg while the other one is half developed. She has to walk with an artificial leg and the cause of her disability is unknown. Lena Maria learnt how to swim when she was only three years old. At the age of eighteen, she entered the National Swedish Games where she was granted a place in the national team. At the same year, she took two gold medals and set two world records in the World Championship. The highlight of her swimming career was the Paralympic Games 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. From 1987 to 1991 Lena Maria studied at The Royal College of Music in Stockholm. Since her examination she has been touring all over the world such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Thailand. Through her around 60 tours in Asia with concerts, TV, radio and media and around 50 CDs and movies she has attracted attention. Her song at the Opening Ceremony at the Paralympic Games in Nagano was truly appreciated. Lena Maria has been an artist in the Mouth and Foot Painting Artist Association since 1990. She is also engaged in different occasions to talk about humandignity, identity and life quality. In 1996 Lena Maria wrote a book about her life called ‘Foot-Notes’. The book is translated and published in 14 different languages. Lena Maria has also written a second book called ‘Happy Days’. During spring in 2005, Lena Maria received an Honorary Citizenship of Taiwan and also the ‘Artur Erikson’ scholarship. In January 2008 Lena Maria received the H. M. The Kings Medal from H. M. King Carl XVI Gustaf with the words: For prominent accomplishment as an artist and athlete and as a model for people with disabilities in Sweden and abroad. ’ 2009 Lena Maria held a speech at TED. com where other speakers like Bill Gates and Al Gore took part. Objective: * To introduce the background of Lena Maria and the inspiration that she brings to all of us. * To emphasize the importance of being a herald of optimism and encourage ourselves or others to live a happy life in spite of obstacles. * To provide protection to the handicappers, society shouldn’t ignore them as veryone is treated in the same way. * To inform the public about the value of life of each person. Human beings should appreciate what they have and do not give up easily no matter what difficulties they faced. Storyline: EMCC producing team came far away from China to Stockholm, Sweden to hold an interview with Lena Maria Klingvall and ask her the reason why she is happy. This interview was recorde d under Gospel Profiles. Lena Maria Klingvall is a famous singer and world record-breaking swimmer. She was born without arms, and with one of her legs severely deformed. This interview was about the story of Lena Maria Klingvall and the reason how she could live happily and successfully. The weather in Stockholm by that time is extremely low with -6 degrees. However Lena Maria still welcome them with friendly smile and reporters felt touched watching Lena Maria’s happy smile and kindly reception. During the shooting of film, the producing team had found out a lot of incredible things about Lena Maria. Lena Maria was born as a handicapped child, she could have blaming or giving up, but instead she has maintained a positive, courageous, and upbeat attitude. Even in her baby and early childhood photos, we can see that she radiates happiness. Lena Maria could handle a lot of things by herself without asking for any help. She could drive in her reconstructed car, wear on seatbelt, clean her home, takes care of the laundry and other practical things. There is no difference between her and others. Her self-confident and optimism should be learned by the public. The producing team had also paid a visit to Lena Maria’s parents. We could see that Lena Maria has a very supportive family. Her dad said after she was born, Arms or no arms, she needs a home anyways! They made every effort to give her a normal life and help her to be independent. Therefore, Lena Maria’s parents are the most important figures in her life. Lena Maria said her faith has given her a good self-esteem and the realization that God created her and loves her more than any person can do gives her much comfort, strength and joy. In Sweden she had done a lot of chu rch concerts and sang songs that describe how she had experienced God’s love and supportive in her life. On Lena Maria’s concert tours in Asia she also sang some gospel songs but her repertoire is wider there. Audience analyst: The main character in this video: Lena Maria Klingvall, Lena Maria’s parents, reporters * Medium: You Tube. com * Target audience for this video: All human beings especially handicappers and those who are easily desperate in obstacles and hardships * Gender: Both male and female * Occupation: All types of occupation Value analyst: Moral Theory| Moral Action| Moral Reason| Moral Evaluation| Religious morality| Lena Maria had done a lot of church concerts in Sweden and also performed gospel songs on her concert tours in Asia. | Lena Maria believes God has given her a good self-esteem and loves her more than any person can do. This encourages her to be confident and happy. | Â  Lena Maria shows a vibrant faith in God. She is very regardful and she believes that God makes no mistakes on her disability, and that is a part of Gods special plan for her life. | Personality virtue| Lena Maria was born as a handicapped child but she never gives up or blamed anyone for her disability. | Lena Maria behaved optimistically due to her disability because she believed that everyone has his or her own value. | Lena Maria shows a good individual characteristic. She is able to determine how to behave due to her disability on her life. Â  Personal Ethical egoism| Lena Maria took part in various sports and artistic activities. For example, she represented her own country and broke the world record in Seoul Paralympic Games 1988. | Lena Maria took part in sports due to her self-interest and she never thought that her disability could stop her from doing anything. | Â  It’s hardly to see handicappers like Lena Maria who could be so confident and tried so hard to archieve what she wants. She had shown a personal ethical egoism, because she ought to act in her self-interest, but that make no claims about everyone else ought to do so. Â  Social morality| Lena Maria had written two books which are Footnotes and Happy Days about her story. | Â  This is to encourage human beings should never give up whenever faced difficulties and obstacles. | Â  Lena Maria’s positive-thinking, self-confidence and independence would inspire the public to live a happy life in spite of obstacles. | Existentialism| Lena Maria’s parents put their biggest effort to take care of their daughter and refused to adopt doctor’s opinion to send her to welfare organization. | This is because Lena Maria is their wn daughter and they wanted to grow her by their own effort and give her a lovely home. | Lena Maria’s parents accept the existence of their handicapped daughter and insist on taking care of Lena Maria by their own. They take responsibility for their own actions and decisions by support and love her. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Discussion: Moral theories which have applied in the biography of Lena Maria Klingvall are religious morality, personality virtue, personal ethical egoism, social morality and existentialism. Firstly, religious morality refers to the faith and belief of someone in a spiritual being such as God and could classify into three categories which are paganism, racial and revealed. It has educational advantages for it emphasizes self-improvement. Besides, it sets realistic goals based on love and kindness, more concerned with purifying and elevating mankind. Religious morality, because of the nature of the relationship between God and man, is predicated on obligations. An essential ingredient of most religions, are claims regarding the existence of supernatural beings and events. These claims are beliefs based on faith rather than knowledge, that is, they lack an essential element of epistemological validity proof. However, religions have further difficult problems when evaluated in reference to the most important universal principle of honesty. When those people expounding the doctrines of religions refer to these claims as truth, it is difficult to understand how they are not guilty of at best, intellectual dishonesty. Individual believers of course, cannot be blamed for stating what they genuinely believe to be true. In this context, a fundamental flaw in the application of religious morality is that it cannot be universal, as different religions define different laws of morality. On the other hand, individual personality virtue focuses more on the individual, and their characteristics, as opposed to just looking at an action that has been carried out. It avoids the problem of act-centred normative theories with their emphasis on either ends or means and there are no set moral rules that have to be applied in a moral dilemma. The individual will be seen to ave done the right thing as long as they do something seen as virtuous in that circumstance. According to Aristotle, everyone start by doing acts that are objectively virtuous without any knowledge. As we practice these acts, we come realize this particular virtue is good or not. This able to help us to determine how to behave and act in certain way. In addition, an individual’s personality virtues are operational. This is not only taken place internally but also externally since others might follow what you have done. Individual personality virtue is important because it may lead a person to succeed in the future. One of the problems is that people will always think that skill is more important than personality virtue. However we have to notice that skill only used for specific activities. Besides, individual personality virtue lacks of absolute moral rules which can give clear guidance on how to act in specific circumstances. But, the important question in virtue ethics as to what kind of person one ought to be, which may be answered differently depending on the ethos, can still give real direction and purpose to people. In addition, personal ethical egoism state that a person ought to act in their self-interest, but no claim about what everyone else ought to. According to egoists, with our capitalist economy, it encourages individual freedom and responsibility and fits in best. While the problem with this form is that it applies only to one individual and cannot be laid down for humanity in general because to do so probably would not be in the egoists self-interest. It means this might cause other people’s anger and unsatisfied towards our self-interest. Besides, personal ethical egoism offers no consistent method of resolving conflicts of self-interests. Since we do not live in isolated, self-sufficient communities but rather in increasingly crowded communities where social, economic, and moral interdependence are facts of life and where self-interests conflict constantly and somehow must be compromised. Furthermore, social morality which concerns human beings in relation with others encompasses social taboos to ensure social harmony. It is the most important aspect of morality and can be seen from religious aspects such as Buddhists are advised not to be extreme in life and should also behave virtuously. Moreover, it identifies situations so that each person wards off self-interest to strengthen a system of behaviour that brings benefit to self as well as to other people. Social morality also serves to resolve conflict in the society by giving justifications that are acceptable to the public as bases for action. This theory also pays special attention to the interests and benefits of society, not the interests of individuals. However, a society which reined by regulations that restrict the freedom of members of the society will result in a dogmatic and authoritative situation. For instance, some societal regulations prohibit the public from criticising moral values in the regulations that have been implemented. This reduces the autonomy of members of the society and increases the authority of those in power. Another problem is that when the society has different laws, regulations, customs, and moral values, morality relativism will occur in misunderstanding, conflict and social tension. Many instances of communal unrest, social crisis, and war between countries have taken place because of differences in ideology and belief between two parties.

Scientific Inquiry Essays - Biological Sciences Curriculum Study

Scientific Inquiry The Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) Background: The Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) was organized in 1958 by the Education Committee of American Institute of the Biological Sciences to find methods to improve biological education in the United States. A well-known and widely adopted curriculum and many teaching materials for high school biology were developed by Joseph Schwab and his team of the BSCS in the 1960s then. Actually, the BSSC is a strong inquiry-oriented laboratory approach which allows students to test hypothesis, collect and organize data, and make inferences. "The essence, then, of a teaching of science as inquiry, would be to show some of the conclusions of science in the framework of the way they arise and are tested". (Schwab, 1963, P.40). 2 emphases of the BSCS: 1. Human behavior in the ecology of earth. 2. Scientific investigation. * where students are always "invited" (encouraged) to participate in the process. Techniques of the BSCS to teach science as inquiry: 1. Use statements that express the tentative nature of science. e.g.. "we do not know,""it is not certain how this happens," ~ pointing out that theories may be replaced by others as tine goes by. 2. Use "narrative of inquiry". ~ history of major ideas in biology and the course of the inquiry in that area are described and followed step by step. ~ it is used to replace "a rhetoric of conclusions", the phrase used by Joseph Schwab to describe what the conventional high school text does - just listing out a series of unqualified, positive statements about science without mentioning the process of obtaining them, which gives a false and misleading picture of the nature of science to the students. 3. Arrange laboratory work to induce students to investigate problems. ~ not just to illustrate the text, but let the students participate in the inquiry process. ~ laboratory programs have been designed in blocks that students can be involved in the investigation of a real biological problem. 4. Use "Invitations to Enquiry". ~ it "poses example after example of the process itself (and) engages the participation of the student in the process". (Schwab, 1963, P.47). ~ there is a blank, or an omission in each invitation, which the students are invited to find out and fill by themselves. ~ its aim is to "invite the students to use his information and intelligence in an effort to find the answer". (Schwab, 1963, P.51). ~ the sets of invitations are specially sequenced in terms of difficulty so as to lead the students to more sophisticated concepts gradually. * Please refer to the Invitation shown in the Appendix. Syntax of Teaching Phase 1: Pose area of investigation to students. Phase 2: Student structure the problem. Phase 3: Students identify the problem in the investigation, such as data interpretation, data generation, the control of experiments, and the making of inferences. Phase 4: Students speculate on ways to clear up the difficulty, by redesigning the experiment, organizing data in different ways, generating data, developing constructs, etc.. Bibliography Hall, D. A. & McCurdy, D. W. (1990). A Comparison of a Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) Labatoratoy and a Traditional Laboratory on Student Achievement at Two Private Liberal Arts College. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, October 1990, Volume 27, Number 7, P.625-36. Schwab, J. J. (1963). Biology Teachers' Handbook. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Schwab, J. J. & Brandwein P. F. (1962). The Teaching of Science. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Thurber, W. A. & Collette, A. T. (1968). Teaching Science in Today's Secondary Schools (3rd Edition). US: Allyn & Bacon Inc.

Advice on how to be your own career coach

Advice on how to be your own career coach If you feel frustrated by a lack of progress in your career, you might consider using the services of a professional career coach. A good career coach helps clients take inventory of where they are, work-wise, and where they want to be (and how they want to get there). Many jobseekers find this kind of support invaluable when they are looking to make major professional changes but, especially for people who might be out of work, the cost of a career coach might be prohibitive. Don’t fret. You can be your own career coach, and take steps toward reaching your goals that won’t cost you a dime. We collected advice that will help you set goals and reach for them, with only minimal cost involved. Zero in on your goalsThe first step is to identify where you want to be heading in your career. Perhaps you are making plans for how to take your seat in the C-suite one day. Or, you may be looking to move out of one profession and into another.While different, these two scenarios ha ve one thing in common: planning. Whether you are plotting how you’ll get that big promotion, or are planning a lateral move into another industry, you’ll need to assess which critical skills you possess, and which you’ll need to cultivate to be successful. To ascertain this, you’ll need to study up.Look at LinkedIn; in particular, the profiles of people who have the job you want. What skills and experience do they list that you are lacking? Next, look at job ads for positions that interest you. What are the skills and experience most commonly being listed for those roles? How can you meet those requirements?In some instances, gathering valuable skills is fairly easy; in others, you may need to play the long game and go back to school. In either scenario, knowing what employers are looking for and figuring out how to acquire those skills is critical. Set your goals and a timeline to achieve them.Keep a journalExperts agree that journaling can help jobseek ers stay on track when they’re acting as their own career coach. It can also help you see where you are (on a day-to-day basis with goal achievement) and how much traction you’ve made on your journey. â€Å"Journaling helps create an outlet,† said Executive Therapeutic Life Coach Lisa Pepper-Satkin. â€Å"It also allows you to process through questions you may discover in your job search.†Buy a journal or keep an online diary. Use it daily, weekly, or monthly to keep yourself on track. Without a coach helping you track progress, writing down your thoughts and feelings can be a valuable tool. Not only is your journal the place for writing down your goals, the steps to achieve them, and a timeline for achieving them, but during times of frustration, a journal can help you track how far you’ve come. This can be very helpful when you are tempted to throw in the towel, or, if you have doubts about just how much you’ve achieved.Create accountabili tyCareer coaches have tricks for keeping their clients motivated. But how can you keep yourself inspired? Pepper-Satkin suggests that asking a friend for support can help. Your goals don’t need to be the same as your friend’s goal for this to work – you just both must be dedicated to making a big change. â€Å"Ask a friend to play big,† Pepper-Satkin said. â€Å"Regardless of what you are each working on, this will allow you to share in one another’s visions.†While support is a huge element, it’s really the accountability that will help propel you forward.â€Å"Commit to not buying each other’s excuses,† she said. Set deadlines for yourselves and stick with them. Meet regularly, either in person or by phone to compare notes, check items off your list, and create new action items to be accomplished before your next meeting.Don’t have a friend who is looking to make a big change? Search online for websites that offe r tips on personal growth and professional development, or join an online coaching group, which will be more affordable than a private coach. â€Å"We’ve never seen as many [career coaching] programs online as we currently see. So, it’s easy to have access to affordable coaching in a group online,† Pepper-Satkin said.Give your resume a faceliftAs you learn new skills, gather new experiences, or acquire new education, certification, or licensing, be sure that your resume reflects those achievements. Keeping an up-to-date resume will ensure that you are prepared for any new experiences that might come your way during this process.Plus, since your resume is often your first introduction to a recruiter, looks count. An entry-level resume will look different than an executive resume in many cases, so be sure your document reflects the image you are hoping to convey. Take into account both your industry and your stature within the industry when choosing a resume forma t.To make sure you hit the mark, consider putting a resume builder to use. Builders can provide resumes with both the look and the language needed to convey particular messages to potential employers.Ask for feedbackIf you’re working to hone a new skill, figure out your next career move, or make a major professional change, know that feedback is an utterly critical element. So, how can you get feedback without a career coach? The answer is right at your fingertips, according to Pepper-Satkin.â€Å"Social media can be a valuable,† she said. Ask questions of your professional contacts either online or by arranging informational coffee dates with people whose advice you think will be valuable.â€Å"Take risks with people by asking for honest feedback on what your next steps should be,† she said.When it comes to feedback, asking for it from professionals whose work you admire might help you identify a mentor who could be willing to provide some free coaching.Donâ₠¬â„¢t be afraid to adjust your goalsLife is tricky, and its roads can be windy. This mean that you may find in this process that you are working towards a goal that doesn’t feel quite right. This isn’t a failure; it’s actually part of the beauty of becoming your own career coach. The introspection it demands to set a goal and work towards it is invaluable. You’ll learn both what works for you and what doesn’t work.As you learn more about yourself and become more deliberate about the actions you’re taking, you may find yourself changing course slightly. That’s okay; it’s part of the point of these exercises. The goal is to move towards a role or a profession that feels personally satisfying to you. You may need to change your approach – or your end goal – during the course of your exploration to land in a place that feels right for you.Author Bio:LiveCareer offers assistance to jobseekers at every step of the journ ey. Access free resume templates and resume examples, plus a cover letter builder and advice on how to answer interview questions of all stripes.

Arizona vs Grant Essays

Arizona vs Grant Essays Arizona vs Grant Paper Arizona vs Grant Paper Arizona v. Grant Arizona v. Grant The U. S. Supreme Court limits how police searches a vehicle after Arizona v. Grant. April 21, 2009 the U. S. Supreme Court adds new limits on how law enforcement officer can search the passenger compartments of a vehicle. Due to this ruling, police officers require having either evidence of a crime for which the suspect is being arrested for, or the officers are completing a weapons check that could be within reach of the suspect. Arizona v. Grant makes important changes within the Fourth Amendment. After New York v. Belton, the U. S. Supreme Court had allowed officers to search the passenger compartment of any vehicle when the person was being arrested that was driving or was a passenger in without a warrant. Belton’s justification was the fact that a person can constitutionally be search for weapons and any other evidence, and further that any officer can search the immediate area of control for weapons or any other evidence. Since the new ruling with Arizona v. Grant overturns the ruling of New York v. Belton, and sets a new standard for what is allowed during a search in a car related arrested. New Ruling The new ruling in Arizona v. grant adds modifications to the Fourth Amendment in regards to police searches. The changes state, â€Å"Police may search the passenger compartment of a vehicle incident to recent occupant’s arrest only if it is reasonable to believe that the arrestee might access the vehicle at the time of the search or that the vehicle contains evidence of the offense of arrest† (Arizona v. Grant 07-542. ) The U. S. Supreme Court ruled against the fact that officers can justify search a vehicle in traffic violations or any situation where no other evidence of crime had occurred. Example of those would be: failure to appear, driving without a license, failing to pay child support. Arizona v. Grant allows checking for weapons within reach of the suspect, or anywhere reasonable within reach of the suspect. The main changes within Arizona v. Grant is police officer are no longer allowed to pull an individual over for a traffic violation, have the driver exit the vehicle, place them in hand cuff to be able to fully search a vehicle, which was commonly practiced by law enforcement agencies. Surveillance by Police The Fourth Amendment protects U. S. citizens’ rights under the U. S. Constitution â€Å"to be secure in their persons, house, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures. † The U. S. Supreme Court looks at surveillance as a form of search and seizure and should require a person’s consent or a have warrant. However, the US Patriot Act, which was signed by Present George Bush in 2001 which states that The â€Å"Patriot Act,† allows law enforcement alone approve searches without oversight by the courts in, performed for national security matters. In regards to Arizona v. Grant that if the traffic stop was at any thought was a national security threat that the vehicle could be searched without a judicial warrant under the Patriot Act. Surveillance by School Officials At one time people did not have to worry about the children while attending school, however with statists stating that 100,000 students a day bring guns to school and 160,000 students skip class a day because of fear or being harmed (Davis. ) Surveillance has been a key part of keeping students staff while attending school. In Commonwealth v. Cass, 709 A. 2d 350, 357 (Pa. 1998), the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania recently listed several reasons that justified the school officials ‘heightened concern’ as to drug activity in the school. These factors include: * Information received from unnamed students; * Observations from teachers of suspicious activity by the students, such as passing small packages amongst themselves in the hallways; * increased use of the student assistance program for counseling students with drug problems; * Calls from concerned parents; Observation of a growing number of students carrying pagers; * Students in possession of large amounts of money; and, * Increased use of pay phones by students. † The conditions might be a little inexplicit, however under any suspicion can lead to weapons and or controlled substance being retrieved. A random locker search should only happen under the circumstance that places the students at amendment risk. Which regard to surveill ance with security cameras, law states that surveillance cameras cannot be placed were it invades person privacy, such as restrooms, or locker rooms. Surveillance by Security Personal After 911, there have been many changes in the Fourth Amendment in regards to the Patriot Act as it allows law enforcement alone approve searches without oversight by the courts in, performed for national security matters. TSA has played an important role in private security in keeping passengers safe while flying, however due the new body scanners, people question if it violates their Fourth Amendment right. TSA is backed by the 9th Circuit Court of the United States, as it ruled in 1973 to search passengers in airports. This ruling suspends limited aspects of the Fourth Amendment while undergoing airport security screening. On the U. S. V. Davis (482 F. 2d 893,908) has a key piece of the wording which gives TSA the searching powers it states, â€Å"â€Å"noting that airport screenings are considered to be administrative searches because they are conducted as part of a general regulatory scheme, where the essential administrative purpose is to prevent the carrying of weapons or explosives aboard aircraft. (482 F. 2d 893,908)† In regard to Arizona V. Grant police have to have probable cause to search, however airport security does not have to follow those rules under U. S v. Davis ruling. Conclusion April 21, 2009, changed the way police officers completed their search of a vehicle and the passenger compartment. After Arizona v. Grant, law enforcement must have probable cause that a crime has occurred or officers are completing a weapon sweep, that only the suspect could have reasonable reach too. When 911 occurred security in the United States changed. The Patriot Act was adopted and it allowed law enforcement alone approve searches without oversight by the courts in, performed for national security matters. U. S v. Davis gave TSA their searching powers, without violating peoples Fourth Amendment rights. Until the U. S. Supreme Court changes the Fourth Amendment, after Arizona v. Grant law enforcement have to probable cause to search a vehicle. References Commonwealth v. Cass, 709 A. 2d 350, 357 (Pa. 1998) Kathy Davis, John Kelsey, Dia Langellier, Misty Mapes, and Jeff Rosendahl Surveillance in Schools: Safety vs. Personal Privacy Locker Searches students. ed. uiuc. edu/jkelsey/surveillance/locker. htm justice. gov/archive/ll/highlights. htm U. S. V. Davis 482 F. 2d 893,908

Economonics Competition Policy in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economonics Competition Policy in the UK - Essay Example This was a system that moved between, and mixed up; form and effects-based approaches with almost reckless dump. In United Kingdom, two main acts of legislation - the Competition Act of 1998 and the Enterprise Act of 2002 - have brought the EC's prohibition system to the UK, altered the name of the old Monopolies and Merger Commission to the Competition Commission and given it new powers. For example, they have criminalized price-fixing, created a specialist appeal and review court for anti-dependent cases and eliminated the old "public interest test", replacing it with a narrower, effects-based "substantial lessening of competition" test. At the same time, the two major competition policy bodies in the UK - the Office of Fair Trading and the newly renamed Competition Commission - have expanded, developed new areas of expertise and, possibly most adventurous of all, they have both been put into the hands of professors of economics. Competition is basically a practice of rivalry between various organizations, each of them is looking for to succeed customer's business. This competition may take place in a variety of behaviors - some firms try to win on cost, some spotlight on raising the worth of presented products or services, while still others use entrepreneurial dexterities to build up new products or services (J. Sloman, 2003). ... evel of overheads, a range of product contributions will arrive at the marketplace that bouts the heterogeneity of customer requirements and flavors, and the pace of advances will be great (J. Sloman, 2003). Significantly executives in such marketplaces have only restricted power over their settings (J. Parkin, et. al., 2004). They regularly have to do something when they are not prepared for it; they every so often require doing things rapidly and not competently than they believe that they must be done. The continuous go-getting between competitor organizations in a cutthroat marketplace can occasionally cause some misuse and doubling-up, and the entire thing frequently appeared to produce a somewhat messy thing (J. Parkin, et. al., 2004). Many executives, though intellectually and sensitively dedicated they are to challenge, recognize that they can perform better. For them, rivalry is not only strenuous, it is also wearisome. And certainly earnings are fairly harder to make in such marketplaces than they are in monopolistic marketplaces (K.A. Crystal and R.G. Lipsey, 2004). For example, a most prominent case of Tesco who monopolizes the retail market in UK, in spite of having an obvio us monopoly with 30% of the marketplace (a monopoly is defined normally as above 25%), its growth has gone unchecked by Competition Commission. The profits of 2bn have been at the outlay of farmers and other contractors who have had to tackle deteriorating prices, and small stores losing theirs local marketplace shares. Tesco is now a largest retailer with more than 2,300 stores globally. That could simply wash out some corporations' earnings, which consecutively could have grave effects for their share value, and might even make them defenseless to the take-over. Such as, under the

See the instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

See the instructions - Essay Example By being persuasive, Mr. Berkowitz stated that one can be able to lead others, and even influence others’ perceptions and beliefs. Therefore, when one is communicating persuasively, especially in the workplace, success is always within reach: being persuasive makes one earn the trusts and the confidence of their employers, their co-workers, and even with the industry leaders where they are practicing their respective professions. In addition to persuasion, Mr. Berkowitz also emphasized that being hard working, as well as and displaying a highest level of professionalism is essential for one to succeed, especially if that person wants to set up his or her own company on the future. By being hard working and professional, one will gain the confidence and trusts of the industry, and most importantly the consumers, believing that this particular company would be able to deliver the best services to their clients and business partners alike, a trait that is vital to the success of a start-up

No Longer at Ease Essay Example for Free

No Longer at Ease Essay From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia No Longer at Ease is a 1960 novel by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. It is the story of an Igbo (also spelled Ibo) man, Obi Okonkwo, who leaves his village for a British education and a Job in the Nigerian colonial civil service, but who struggles to adapt to a Western lifestyle and ends up taking a bribe. The novel is the sequel to Achebes Things Fall Apart, which concerned the struggle of Obi Okonkwos grandfather Okonkwo against the changes brought by the English. Novels title The books title comes from the closing lines of T. S. Eliots poem, The Journey of the Magi: We returned to our places, these Kingdoms, But no longer at ease here, in the old dispensation, With an alien people clutching their gods. I should be glad of another death. Plot summary The novel opens with the trial of Obi Okonkwo on a charge of accepting a bribe. It then Jumps back in time to a point before his departure for England and works its way forward to describe how Obi ended up on trial. The members of the Umuofia Progressive Union (UPIJ), a group of Ibo men who have left their villages to live in ajor Nigerian cities, have taken up a collection to send Obi to England to study law, in the hope that he will return to help his people navigate British colonial society. But once there, Obi switches his major to English and meets Clara Okeke for the first time during a dance. Obi returns to Nigeria after four years of studies and lives in Lagos with his friend Joseph. He takes a Job with the Scholarship Board and is almost immediately offered a bribe by a man who is trying to obtain a scholarship for his little sister. When Obi indignantly rejects the offer, he is visited by the girl herself ho implies that she will bribe him with sexual favors for the scholarship, another offer Obi rejects. At the same time, Obi is developing a romantic relationship with Clara Okeke, a Nigerian woman who eventually reveals that she is an osu, an outcast by her descendants, meaning that Obi can not marry her under the traditional ways of the Igbo people of Nigeria. While he remains intent on marrying Clara, even his Christian father opposes it, although reluctantly due to his desire to progress and eschew the heathen customs of pre-colonial Nigeria. His mother begs him on her eathbed not to marry Clara until after her death, threatening to kill herself if Obi disobeys. When Obi informs Clara of these events, Clara breaks the engagement and intimates that she is pregnant. Obi arranges an abortion, which Clara reluctantly undergoes, but she suffers complications and refuses to see Obi afterwards. All the while, Obi sinks deeper into financial trouble, in part due to poor planning on his end, in part due to the need to repay his loan to the I-JPLJ and to pay for his siblings educations, and in part due to the cost of the illegal abortion. After hearing of his mothers death, Obi sinks into a deep depression, and refuses to go home for the funeral. When he recovers, he begins to accept bribes in a reluctant acknowledgement that it is the way of his world. The novel closes as Obi takes a bribe and tells himselt that it is the last one ne will take, only to discover that the bribe was part of a sting operation. He is arrested, bringing us up to the events that opened the story. Themes Though set several decades after Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease continues any of the themes from Achebes first novel. Here, the clash between European culture and traditional culture has become entrenched during the long period of colonial rule. Obi struggles to balance the demands of his family and village for monetary support while simultaneously keeping up with the materialism of Western culture. Furthermore, Achebe depicts a family continuity between Ogbuefi Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart and his grandson Obi Okonkwo in No Longer at Ease. Both men are confrontational, speak their minds, and have some self-destructive endencies. However, this aggressive streak manifests itself in different ways.

Can Religion Make You Happy? Essay -- Happiness Essays

â€Å"If Religion Makes People Happy, Why Are So Many Dropping Out?† -- Louis Tay and David G. Meyers. Throughout history, religion has helped form the basic fabric of society. From an early age, religion provided the answers to any unexplainable natural phenomena. The question of why the world worked in a particular way was easily answered with â€Å"because [name of deity] made it that way.† Religion was everywhere; everyone had their own ideas about how the world worked and what their role was in the universe. Each likeminded group held that their religious beliefs were the root cause of their happiness and general satisfaction with life. Centuries of religious dominance eventually gave birth to a widespread idea that strong religious beliefs are essential to living a happy and fulfilling life. Even today, in a society dominated by scientific advances, religion finds a niche in catering to people’s spiritual needs. Indeed, despite the societal changes that have occurred in modern times, religion has remained largely unchanged since its early days. The belief t hat religion factors heavily into one’s life satisfaction and happiness has also remained much the same, despite today’s complex and ever-changing society. The problem lies where religion is viewed as a major way to achieve happiness, and this perspective can lead to blind acceptance of religion solely on the basis of its supposed universal benefits. Basically, a new way of looking at religion is needed: seeing it not as the end-all happiness tool, but as a small factor in a complex web of happiness and well-being. Traditionally, organized religion in the Western world encouraged a melancholy outlook on life. Today, however, religion represents an image of happi... ...tz, Hans-Georg; Lewis, Christopher Alan. â€Å"The Relationship Between Religion and Happiness Among German Students.† Pastoral Psychology. 51.4 (2003): 273-281. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection. Web. 19 June 2015. Madigan, Timothy J. â€Å"Godless Happiness.† Free Inquiry Summer 1998: 32+. Student Resources in Context. Web. 19 June 2015. Moeller, Philip. â€Å"Religion Makes People Happier--But Why?† Chicago Tribune. N.p., 13 Apr. 2012. Web. 15 June 2015. Myers, David G. â€Å"Who’s Happy? Who’s Not?† Christianity Today. 23 Nov. 1992: 23+. Gale Power Search. Web. 19 June 2015. Schumaker, John F. â€Å"Can Religion Make You Happy?† Free Inquiry Summer 1998: 28+. Student Resources in Context. Web. 19 June 2015. Stearns, Peter N. â€Å"The History of Happiness. (Cover Story).† Harvard Business Review 90.1/2 (2012): 104-109. Business Source Complete. Web. 6 June 2015.

Philosophy of Art Essay

Introduction This paper attempts to establish what practitioners of philosophy can learn from practitioners of Art. In doing so, the paper first looks into art and philosophy so as to offer a clear understanding of the subjects, before turning into the main theme. What is Art?   Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the above question appears simple, it is interesting and can, and is answered by reverting to the philosophy of art. In addition, art embraces descriptions of beauty, taste, symbolism as well as representation. Philosophy of art also explores the association existing between the individual artist (ideas), and the bigger congregation (audiences, culture, and universe) (Carroll N, 1998). That being the case, what does philosophy of art tell us about art? Some versions assert that art is a creative activity, expression or process of humans. According to Leo Tolstoy ‘Art is that human activity which consists in one human consciously conveying to others, by certain external signs, the feelings he has experienced and in others being affected by those feelings and also experiencing them.’ (Carroll N, 1998). On the other hand, when something is done perfectly or acquainted by study and practice; it is referred to as an art (Carroll N, 1998). For instance, driving a car, dressing in a nice dress, laying a child to sleep or even the art of conversion. In essence, art includes objects developed by humans that have aesthetic value or present symbolic meaning encompassing drawings, paintings as well as sculpture. Thus from the above observations, art can be said to be a symbolic representation of peoples association with nature (reality/environments). It is able to offer the concealed relations between things. It is beauty, it is truth. However, what does truth and beauty imply? This is where philosophy comes in as philosophy is the art of establishing the truth such that this truth is applied to life. In the same manner, art can be based on established truth that express the wonder and beauty of a relationship to the universe as it is acknowledged in the works of Marcel Proust and Henry Mattisse (Diffey T, 1995). ‘Art is a selective recreation of reality according to an artist’s metaphysical value judgments. An artist recreates those aspects of reality which represent his fundamental view of man’s natures.’   Ã‚  (Marcell Proust)( Diffey T, 1995), while Henry Mattisse writes ‘when we speak of nature, it is wrong to forget that we are ourselves a part of nature. We ought to view ourselves with the same curiosity and openness with which we study a tree, the sky or a thought because we too are linked to the entire universe (Diffey T, 1995).’ The different forms of art are visual arts which involve aspects such as painting, photography and sculpture among others, and fine arts which embrace music, dance, theatre, literature, poetry, etc. What is philosophy? As William Thomas points out, ‘Philosophy studies the fundamental nature of existence of man and man’s relationship to existence†¦in the realm of cognition, the special sciences are the trees but philosophy is the soil which makes the forest possible’ (Bender J, 1993). A philosophy is an all inclusive organization of ideas concerning human nature as well as the nature of the truth we live in. it is a guide of living since the subjects it deals with are crucial and enveloping, establishing the course we take in life and how we treat other people. Among the most important field that philosopher’s deal with fall into a number of separate fields. Among them, the most imperatives ones are; metaphysics which deals with the theory of reality, epistemology that connotes the theory of knowledge, ethics which is theory of moral values, politics which is theory of legal rights and government and aesthetics which refers to theory of nature of art (Carroll N, 1998). The vehicle for philosophical guidance is religions such as Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism as well as Islam. Religions vary from philosophers not in the issues they deal with but in the ways they employ to address them. Religions are based on mythic stories that existed earlier before discovery of unequivocally cogent methods of inquiry (Bender J, 1993). The present day religion (majority of) appeal to mystical faith as well as revelation sort of belief that claim legitimacy independent of logic, and the scientific method, at least made for the biggest subjects. However, majority of religions are in their commencement pre-rational as opposed to anti-rational, a story teller’s account of philosophic issues as opposed to scientists (Bender J, 1993). Philosophy in Greek connotes ‘love of wisdom’. Philosophy is founded on rational arguments and appeal to facts (Bender J, 1993). Modern science history began with philosophical enquiries and the scientific method of research and proof is an aspect of the general approach that a philosopher attempts to bring to a question; one that is coherent and vigorous. Philosophy is known to offer deep and wide questions presently. Dealing with the issues in each branch of philosophy calls for integration of everything one knows concerning reality (metaphysics) or humanity (epistemology, ethics, politics and aesthetics) recommending reasonable inclination in philosophy therefore is not a simple job. Frankly, philosophers more often than not disagree about principle subject; some slipping their own positions in the mix as well (Diffey T, 1995). Thus, there is no particular philosophy world wide as is the case with physics, chemistry among other disciplines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Having clearly distinguished the two disciplines, then we can embark on the issue of what a philosopher can learn from an artist. This calls us to explore the subfield of philosophy. It relates to nature of art, in addition to performing of arts as well as painting, sculpture and literature (Diffey T, 1995). Major concerns in aesthetic comprise of how artistic creations should be construed as well as assessed and how the arts are linked to one another, to natural beauty, morality, religious science as well as other crucial aspects of human life. The association between art and epistemology has been everlastingly tenuous and burdened with a lot of arguments (Diffey T, 1995). It is acknowledged that there is something meaningful from experiences as well as interactions with works of arts. However, it is not considered as obvious that whether or not the experiences one has with art can produce propositional understanding that is represented by true vindicated belief (Diffey T, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whereas engaging objects aesthetically is both insightness and emotionally burdening practice, it is also essentially cognitive. Therefore, it can be said that aesthetic engagement is based on various epistemological concerns (Carroll N, 1998). For instance, philosophers claim to know about art. People say that they believed the play was good or bad, but the emotions it produced were called for, justified, manipulative or suitable. In most cases, people allege that they learn from art, that art alters their view of the world and that art has influence on the way they view as well as make sense of the world (Carroll N, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It also widely acknowledged that works of arts particularly good works of art, can cause view points about the world and can in turn offer knowledge concerning the world (Carroll N, 1998). However, what can exactly be known about art? Does art have any sort of propositional content that resembles the context that philosophers claim to require for other sort of knowledge claim?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The subject of whether philosophers have something to learn from artists revolves back to the period of Plato. Plato warned about the perils of making a fuss of mimetic as well as narrative demonstrations of the world and human actions. A practitioner of philosophy by his engagement with art permits certain emotions or activities that are able to facilitate or produce knowledge. It should be acknowledged that some aspects of art work that are able to produce greater understanding of the surrounding world (Carroll N, 1998).   In this case, art becomes a source of insight as well as awareness, even though it cannot be put into propositional language.   It can help people (philosophy practitioners) see the world in a new or different way (Carroll N, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   They are often those who view art as being incapable of offering knowledge primarily because it does not generate any truth; they argue that since art cannot offer facts or produce arguments then there is nothing to learn from it (Diffey T, 1995).   They further argue that art cannot be acknowledged as a source of knowledge as it is not productive of knowledge, construed in the convectional sense of vindictive true belief. They assert that art is devoid of propositional content capable of being learnt the conventional way, whereas it has influences that promote knowledge and that can promote or weaken the development of understanding. Thus the net effect is to reject art as a source of knowledge as it does not offer true beliefs and furthermore because it does not as well as cannot vindicate the views that it does express (Diffey T, 1995).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, those who are for and those against concur that art is a source of knowledge, the only way that it can probably satisfy such a function be it that knowledge neglected something crucial to art’s nature as well as value (Diffey T, 1995). Plato articulates that it is possible for an artist to make a representation of a thing without having advance knowledge of his presentation.   For instance, painters represent cobblers when the painters have no idea how to make shoes, and poets write about virtue such as beauty and courage without any clear knowledge of these attributes (Carroll N, 1998). To Plato, it is only philosophers and moreover, those who struggle to intuit (feel) the forms and employ abstract reasoning are able to have know-how of these virtues.   To him, the same things exist even for the literary arts in particular.   He asserts that the more one engages in emotions brought about by representations, the more likely one is to suffer the influences of an unstable soul and finally the growth of bad attitude (Carroll N, 1998). Aristotle seems to have agreed with Plato that art influences the development of one’s moral character.   These two philosophers believed that people learn from art, however, Plato argued that the gained knowledge was harmful while Aristotle argued that it was beneficial (Carroll N, 1998). Going back to the period of renaissance and beyond it should be noted that the works of art such as poetry and fiction engages the emotions of a philosopher in a healthy way rather as opposed to detrimental manner (Bender J, 1993).   Some philosophers point out that there are there crucial types of knowledge claims that can be made concerning arts which are distinguished by objects. The first is what philosophers claim to know or believe concerning the art object itself and anything unreal or fictional worlds might be linked to that object. The second aspect of knowledge claim about art relates to what is known or believed to be appropriate emotional reaction to the art work. It is crucial to note at this point that works of art are correct, understood through having a certain kind of emotional response to them (Bender J, 1993). The only problem encountered in this course is that it is not possible to establish the kind of response that is appropriate in relation to a particular work of art (Bender J, 1993). The last kind of knowledge claim that is available as far as art is concerned relates to the nature of information art can offer about the whole world (Bender J, 1993). It is important to note that art affords imperative insight into the way philosophers order and understand the world. Art gives a certain degree of meaning to the lives of philosophers. Art, particularly literature, draws out novel views (beliefs) as well as new knowledge concerning the world (Bender J, 1993). Conclusion From the above, it is noteworthy that philosophy practitioners have a lot to learn from practitioners of art. It is important to acknowledge what constitutes knowledge so as to be able to understand how art impacts the subject. Reference Bender, John (1993).   â€Å"Art as a Source of Knowledge: Linking Analytic Aesthetics and Epistemology.† In Contemporary Philosophy of Art, ed. John Bender and Gene Blocker. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Carroll, Noel (1998). â€Å"Art, Narrative, and Moral Understanding.† In Aesthetics and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection, ed. Jerrold Levinson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Diffey, T .J (1995): â€Å"What Can We Learn From Art?† Australasian Journal of Philosophy 73 202-11.

Personal price Essay

As you market yourself to employers, the salary you demand is essentially your personal price. Keeping that in mind, what pricing strategy should you follow (penetration, skimming, or competitive)? Why? Issues to consider: a. Who is your target market? My target market is the childcare industry. b. How would you position your price to this market? I would use competitive pricing strategy. I would use competitive pricing strategy. By using this concept does not necessarily mean that the company will pay me what I want but it will put a great deal of thought into the prices of the competitors. In other words, I would take into consideration the prices of my competition and use that to determine what I believe is a fair salary. c. What are the psychological pricing considerations? I would take into consideration my level of experience. Therefore, I would charge a price that may be slightly higher but that would be because I have more experience than others. I don’t want a price that is too low because employers may wonder why so low. They may question my experience or qualifications. d. What are the image considerations? I believe that the company has high standards. I would maintain that I am reliable, responsible, and able to multi-task. I am a professional and have good work ethics. e. What are the promotional considerations? I would provide degrees, and or certificates that indicate my qualifications. I would also provide references and any other documents that show my experience in the field.

Cathedrals and Religion

Cathedrals and Religion IntroductionThe Gothic Age"As the third year that followed the year on thousand grew near, there was to be seen over almost all the earth, but especially in Italy and in Gaul, a great renewal of church buildings; each Christian community was driven by a spirit of rivalry to have a more glorious church than the others. It was as if the world had shaken itself, and casting off its old garments, had dressed itself again in every part in a white robe of churches."Raoul Glaber, Historia, c.1003The Gothic Age (c. AD 1130-1530) marked the end to an age of chaos, primarily caused by the sacking and pillaging of the Vikings. After the great minds of Western Europe were freed from using their vast knowledge to defend against invaders or plagues, they now had the time and the resources needed to design any and everything in this era from bridges to city walls and castles to cathedrals.Clerestory windows (upper windows above the flying...This was also a very religious age, with plenty of money b eing pumped into the Church, some from the crusades, with all of its included looting, and a lot more from all of the tithes all of the people who were born in the population explosion gave faithfully. Another even bigger source of income for the Church came to it in the shape of power and prestige, when the power of the church peaked in AD 1277.Not only was this a good time for the Church, but this was also a very good time for all of humanity. The standard of living dramatically rose, and along with it, the population of Western Europe shot up. In 1346, the estimated population of Europe was fifty-four point four million just before the plague hit and wiped out more than a third...

Biography of Gabriel Garcia Moreno - Gabriel Garcia Moreno Profile

Biography of Gabriel Garcia Moreno - Gabriel Garcia Moreno Profile Gabriel Garcia Moreno, President of Ecuador 1860-1865, 1869-1875: Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno (1821-1875) was an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician who served as President of Ecuador from 1860 to 1865 and again from 1869 to 1875. In between, he ruled through puppet administrations. He was a staunch conservative and Catholic who believed that Ecuador would only prosper when it had strong and direct ties to the Vatican. He was assassinated in Quito during his second term. Early Life of Gabriel Garcia Moreno: Garcà ­a was born in Guayaquil but moved to Quito at a young age, studying law and theology at Quito’s Central University. By the 1840’s he was making a name for himself as an intelligent, eloquent conservative who railed against the liberalism that was sweeping South America. He almost entered the priesthood, but was talked out of it by his friends. He took a trip to Europe in the late 1840’s, which served to further convince him that Ecuador needed to resist all liberal ideas in order to prosper. He returned to Ecuador in 1850 and attacked the ruling liberals with more invective than ever. Early Political Career: By then, he was a well known speaker and writer for the conservative cause. He was exiled to Europe, but returned and was elected Mayor of Quito and appointed Rector of the Central University. He also served in the senate, where he became the leading conservative in the nation. In 1860, with the help of Independence veteran Juan Josà © Flores, Garcà ­a Moreno seized the presidency. This was ironic, as he had been a supporter of Flores’ political enemy Vicente Rocafuerte. Garcà ­a Moreno quickly pushed through a new constitution in 1861 which legitimized his rule and allowed him to start working on his pro-Catholic agenda. Garcà ­a Moreno’s Unflagging Catholicism: Garcà ­a Moreno believed that only by establishing very close ties to the church and the Vatican would Ecuador progress. Since the collapse of the Spanish colonial system, liberal politicians in Ecuador and elsewhere in South America had severely curtailed church power, taking away land and buildings, making the state responsible for education and in some cases evicting priests. Garcà ­a Moreno set out to reverse all of it: he invited Jesuits to Ecuador, put the church in charge of all education and restored ecclesiastical courts. Naturally, the 1861 constitution declared Roman Catholicism the official state religion. A Step Too Far: Had Garcà ­a Moreno stopped with a few reforms, his legacy may have been different. His religious fervor knew no bounds, however, and he did not stop there. His goal was a near-theocratic state ruled indirectly by the Vatican. He declared that only Roman Catholics were full citizens: everyone else had their rights stripped away. In 1873, he had the congress dedicate the Republic of Ecuador to â€Å"The Sacred Heart of Jesus.† He convinced Congress to send state money to the Vatican. He felt that there was a direct link between civilization and Catholicism and intended to enforce that link in his home nation. Gabriel Garcia Moreno, Dictator of Ecuador: Garcà ­a Moreno was certainly a dictator, although one whose type had been unknown in Latin America before. He severely limited free speech and the press and wrote his constitutions to suit his agenda (and he ignored their restrictions when he wished). Congress was there only to approve his edicts. His staunchest critics left the country. Still, he was atypical in that he felt that he was acting for the best of his people and taking his cues from a higher power. His personal life was austere and he was a great foe of corruption. Accomplishments of President Morenos Administration: Garcà ­a Moreno’s many accomplishments are often overshadowed by his religious fervor. He stabilized the economy by establishing an efficient treasury, introducing a new currency and improving Ecuador’s international credit. Foreign investment was encouraged. He provided good, low cost education by bringing in Jesuits. He modernized agriculture and built roads, including a decent wagon track from Quito to Guayaquil. He also added universities and increased student enrollment in higher education. Foreign Affairs: Garcà ­a Moreno was famous for meddling in the affairs of neighboring nations, with the goal of bringing them back to the church just as he had done with Ecuador. He twice went to war with neighboring Colombia, where President Toms Cipriano de Mosquera had been curtailing church privileges. Both interventions ended in failure. He was outspoken in his support of Austrian transplant Emperor Maximilian of Mexico. Death and Legacy of Gabriel Garcà ­a Moreno: In spite of his accomplishments, the liberals (most of them in exile) loathed Garcà ­a Moreno with a passion. From safety in Colombia, his harshest critic, Juan Montalvo, wrote his famous tract â€Å"The Perpetual Dictatorship† attacking Garcà ­a Moreno. When Garcà ­a Moreno declared that he would not relinquish his office after his term expired in 1875, he began to get serious death threats. Among his enemies were the Freemasons, dedicated to ending any connection between church and state. On August 6, 1875, he was killed by a small group of assassins wielding knives, machetes and revolvers. He died near the Presidential Palace in Quito: a marker can still be seen there. Upon learning the news, Pope Pius IX ordered a mass said in his memory. Garcà ­a Moreno did not have an heir who could match his intelligence, skill and fervent conservative beliefs, and the government of Ecuador fell apart for a while as a series of short-lived dictators took charge. The people of Ecuador didn’t really want to live in a religious theocracy and in the chaotic years that followed Garcà ­a Morenos death all of his favors to the church were taken away once again. When liberal firebrand Eloy Alfaro took office in 1895, he made sure to remove any and all vestiges of Garcà ­a Moreno’s administration. Modern Ecuadorians consider Garcà ­a Moreno a fascinating and important historical figure. The religious man who accepted assassination as martyrdom today continues to be a popular topic for biographers and novelists: the latest literary work on his life is Sà © que vienen a matarme (â€Å"I know they are coming to kill me†) a work that is half-biography and half-fiction written by acclaimed Ecuadorian writer Alicia Yaà ±ez Cossio. Source: Herring, Hubert. A History of Latin America From the Beginnings to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962.

Mental Health- Young Adults and depression Essay

Mental Health- Young Adults and depression - Essay Example It is estimated that about 5.8 % of males and 9.5 % of females in the world experience a depressive episode every year (WHO 2001). Depression is a condition that should be differentiated from the normal feeling of sadness and decreased mood that is normal event in everyday’s life. There are several psychiatric conditions classified by the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM IV TR) that are characterized by depressed mood also called mood disorders. All of them can be characterized in two broader groups depending if person had manic episodes which are major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. There are many subtypes of these conditions, but they are all characterized with episodes of depressed mood, diminished sense of pleasure and interest, feelings of guilt and low self esteem, feeling of low energy and worthlessness, insomnia, changes in appetite with weight loss or weight gain and other symptoms that can be a major cause of disability in the nor mal functioning of one person and other symptoms (Sadock et al 2002). ... ity to think or concentrate; indecisiveness - Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, or specific plan for suicide (Kendler and Gardner 1998). Major depressive disorder is a condition without exact known pathopfisiology. Based on some clinical and pre - clinical trials it is suggested that disbalance of the serotonin, norepinefrine, dopamine and other neurotransmitters is the major etiological factor for depression. These conclusions are based mainly on the efficacy of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI’s) and other specific antidepressants in treating the symptoms of major depression (Nutt 2008). The mechanism of action of these drugs is more complex than simply elevating the levels of serotonin for example, because other substances like cocaine for example that cause only short elevation of the neurotransmitter levels are not effective in controlling the symptoms of depression on a longer terms and can even cause depressive episodes (Viggiano et al. 2004). Also it is known that several weeks of treatment with antidepressive drugs are necessary in order to achieve changes in the symptoms (Quitkin et al. 1996). This suggest that the mechanism of action of antidepressants is more complex where antidepressants after the initial effect on neurotransmission trigger subsequent neuroplstic changes in the brain that will result in a longer-term in the psychologic behavior of the individual. This only suggest that other factors than serotonin levels, like social, psychological, environmental and other are important in the development and treatment of depression (Robert and Frazer 2002). Other theory that tries to implement more integrative approach in understanding the etiology of depression is Diathesis-stress model that concludes that depression

GE coursework Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GE coursework - Case Study Example Welch created the culture of the company in his own image. His philosophy that good leaders create a vision for the company helped him to motivate the management to put optimum performance in their operations. This culture has been made possible by uniting different cultural forces across the globe. The success of the company can also be attributed to its positive stance towards diversity. Any company that fails to take into account the values and culture of the people in the environment in which it operates is bound to fall. However, GE has managed to take a positive approach towards diversity across the whole globe. It specialises on technology based businesses such as semiconductors and radio stations. These products have high demand across the globe and it can be seen that any company that specialise in technical products is likely to attract many customers Its digitization process such as the use of the internet has also positively contributed to its success. The internet has revolutionised the business landscape during the contemporary period and this has also contributed towards the success of GE in its global and regional

Personal affirmation leads to greatest triumph or worst defeat Essay

Personal affirmation leads to greatest triumph or worst defeat - Essay Example It is through personal affirmation then that he realizes his greatest victory or worst defeat. This notion is aptly illustrated in the two novels namely A House for Mr Biswas by VS Naipaul and The Old man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. A House for Mr. Biswas (House from now on) is a mammoth epic of nearly six hundred pages that illustrates one man's refusal to accept fate and to rise above the circumstances. It chronicles the life of Mohan Biswas who has just one dream all his life i.e. to win his independence by having his own place. He wants to be able to free himself from the clutches of the Tulsi family and while he dies at the young age of 46, he is one contented man having gained his independence. It is as early as in the prologue that we learn about Mohan's mission when we see that he is a sacked reporter who is dying at the age of forty-six in his own place "on his own half-lot of land, his own portion of the earth," on Sikkim Street, Port-of-Spain: How terrible it would have been, at this time, to be without it [a house]: to have died among the Tulsis, amid the squalor of that large, disintegrating and indifferent family; to have left Shama and the children among them, in one room; worse, to have lived without even attempting to lay claim to one's portion of the earth; to have lived and died as one had been born... In this he resembles Santiago of The Old Man and the Sea who is not an ordinary aging protagonist himself. From the very beginning Hemingway creates a portrait that alerts us that we are not dealing with an ordinary character when we learn that: "He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish" ( Hemingway 1952, 9). That Mohan's life would be extraordinary is clear from right from the auspicious time of his birth. He was born at midnight which according to Hindu myths was not a very fortunate time. The pundit prophesizes that Mohan would be a liar and lecher and the midwife feels he would be the cause of his father's death. As luck would have it, he inadvertently causes his father's drowning and is forced to live with strangers. It is during really tough times that he gets the brutal lesson of "ought oughts are oughts," which if we recall Lear's words means that "Nothing will come out of nothing." But Mohan is not the one to believe that. He was willing "to create himself and his world out of nothing." (Boxill, p. 37) The actual struggle begins when Mr. Biswas is dismissed from his position as a live-in pundit apprentice and from there on starts his solitary journey: "The neighbours had heard, and came out to watch Mr Biswas as, in his dhoti, with his bundle slung on his shoulders, he walked thr ough the village" (pp. 56-7). It is after some odd jobs that he finally lands a place with a powerful, conservative, land-owning family, the Tulsis who admire his sign-painting skills. Once inside their house, Biswas loses his independence completely. The Tulsis are a cunning lot who trap Mohan into marrying their daughter Shama because of his high caste. From their on,

Whole Foods Market Essay Example for Free

Whole Foods Market Essay In 1980 Whole Foods Market made its introduction into the natural food industry. Overtime Whole Foods has captured the title of the world’s largest retailer of natural and organic foods, with 193 stores in 31 states, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The company targets locations with consumers that have a college degree and are more likely to focus on the importance of consuming natural products. As our economy continues to battle the recession Whole Foods will struggle with competitors that are offering similar products at lower prices. Whole Foods will need to invent a solution to maintain their position as the number one leading retailer of their industry.

The Message of Rip Van Winkle Essays -- Rip Van Winkle Essays

Rip looked, and beheld a precise counterpart of himself, --[It appears Rip has seen an exact mirror-image of himself--the way others have always perceived him]-- as he went up the mountain--[This was the way he was before his "sleep," or journey up the mountain]--: apparently as lazy, and certainly as ragged--[Before he encountered the party on the mountain, he was a casual, rough and lazy person]--. The poor fellow was now completely confounded--[It appears to everyone that Rip Jr. was confused in his thoughts, however, just as Rip Sr. was, he knew exactly what was going through his head--it appeared he had a plan for everything]--. He doubted his own identity, and whether he was himself or another man--[I believe Rip underwent some type of self realization and was beginning to realize this change--wondering whether he was the same old Rip, or the newer, more aware Rip]--. In the midst of his bewilderment, --[I'm trying to figure out here whether Rip was just very confused with what was going on in seeing his son, or whether he's still drunk and in a "daze."]-- the man in the cocked hat demanded who he was, and what was his name?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "God knows,--[God is the only person at this time who knows what/who Rip is. Rip doesn't know, his son doesn't know, nobody knows except God himself]--" exclaimed he, at his wit's end; "I'm not myself-I'm somebody else-that's me yonder-no-that's somebody else, got into my shoes--[He sees that he has passed along his traits to his son, and his son has taken over Rip's identity and habits. We "grow" into other's shoes]-- -I was myself last night, but I fell asleep on the mountain, and they've changed my gun, and every thing's changed, and I'... ...ters closest to his heart and guide his family, what's left of it, and give it some direction to go in. He has slept away the past twenty years of his life, and more than likely-in a sense, slept through many years before he ever climbed the mountain. It is time to wake up and deal with the issues at hand and correct any mistakes or act upon any awakenings he may have had involving his regrets in life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If there is one thing Rip Van Winkle has to offer to us I think it is to pay attention to ourselves. As many of us often do, we get to wrapped up in other's affairs and don't deal with our own lives. We tend to strive for perfection in everyone else's life and lack in our own. Rather that sleep away so many years and let time take its toll on us and those we love, we must act now and be a little more selfish in caring for ourselves.

Mountain Man Brewing Company

Mountain Man Brewing Company| To:| Chris Prangel| From:| 001706975| CC:| David Nasser| Date:| 3/4/2013| Re:| Bringing the Brand to Light| Comments:| For the first time in the company’s history, Mountain Man Brewing Company is experiencing declining sales in response to changes in beer drinkers’ preferences. Mr. Prangel’s response to this problem is introducing a â€Å"light beer† form of the popular Lager. In the past six years, the â€Å"light beer† industry as increased at an annual rate of 4% while sales of traditional beer has been declining annually by 4%. Although this seems like a probable solution, there are two major problems Mr.Prangel is facing: 1. ) Mountain Man’s current target market will not approve of this new beer, and 2. ) bringing in a light version of the Mountain Man Lager could ruin the brand image and ultimately destroy the company. Mountain Man’s biggest target market currently, and pretty much since it started in 1925, is males ages 45-54. Most of these males are blue-collar, hardworking males. It has been known as â€Å"West Virginia’s Beer† known for its authenticity, quality and its toughness. To the younger beer drinkers, the market the light beer appeals to, view Mountain Man beer as too strong and a â€Å"working man’s† beer.Not only do the younger beer drinkers have their negative thoughts about Mountain Man developed, but the blue-collar customers account for a huge percentage of sales. The brand loyalty rate for Mountain Man Lager is 53% which is higher than any of its competitors. The â€Å"light beer† appeals to the younger generation, especially the females, and Mountain Man Lager has always appealed to the older, rugged, blue-collar male. The appearance of Mr. Prangel’s dilemma is very evident. Based on the evidence, Mountain Man should not introduce the light beer.The light beer industry is growing, that can’t be denied, howev er for Mountain Man, it is not in their best interest yet. Although the quantitative reasoning is included below, it would be in Mountain Man Brewing Company’s best interest to take the $750,000 and spend it elsewhere: create a new beer (non-light) that can appeal to more than the current target market without losing its brand image, spend more money for advertising to the younger beer-drinking market. Mountain Man Brewing Company needs to have a wider target market before introducing a completely new product that could potentially destroy the company if it were unsuccessful.THE PROS AND CONS OF INTRODUCING A LIGHT BEERThe most beneficial pro of introducing Mountain Man Light will be reaching the younger beer drinkers. It is shown that the younger beer drinkers enjoy the light beer better, and also in their twenties, usually haven’t committed to a brand yet. Mountain Man is very well-known by the younger beer drinkers, however, they tend to buy and consume in quantity; the Mountain Man Lager is not on their top preference, along with other lagers and full-flavor beers. Introducing this light beer could reach the younger beer drinkers and potentially lead to brand loyalty amongst them. A few cons could be losing brand loyalty amongst the older generation, losing sales of the Mountain Man Lager due to cannibalization, and a lower contribution margin.THE BRAND NAME OF A LIGHT BEERIf the light beer were introduced, the name Mountain Man Light is not the best option for the market Mountain Man is already in. A 53% loyalty rate is great for a company that produces one flavor of a brew. If the company that they have seen as for years as a rugged, authentic, â€Å"West Virginia’s Beer†, puts out a â€Å"light† version, its image could be lost immediately. In response to the introduction of a light beer by Mountain Man, it was the man in his fifties and early thirties that found it to be absurd.BREAK EVEN AND BREAK EVEN IN MARKET SHAR E IN 2 YEARSBy keeping the same price for light as the lager, breakeven in dollar amount is almost $10,000,000 which then translates into 100,473 barrels. Within two years, Mountain Man Light will have to produce almost $10,000,000 in sales and sale 20% of what Mountain Man Lager has worked almost a century to sale. As for the market share, Mountain Man Light will need to gain a 26% of the market share in 2 years to break even.This seems very unrealistic since the leading brand light beer now consumers 32. 9% and the second leading brand holds 17. 8% of the market. Mountain Man Light will have to become the second leading brand in the market within only 2 years (assuming that the sales of â€Å"light beer† continue to grow annually by 4%).CANNIBALIZATION RATEBecause Mountain Man Lager produces so many units and produces such high sales already, the difference in cannibalization of 5% to 20% is pretty significant (almost 1,000,000). Two year contribution with a 5% cannibalizat ion rate is $32,895,226. 2 compared to $31,988,859. 59 with a 20% cannibalization rate. This is a major loss in sales of the Mountain Man Lager. If cannibalization is inevitable, the lower percentage of cannibalization is the best option, it yields a higher contribution. Anything above 20% is unnecessary and definitely not worth introducing the Mountain Man Light.BUDGET FOR THE LAUNCHThe budget of $750,000 added onto the $900,000 already annual cost of SG&A costs is not appropriate. Not only is it adding that money onto the annual SG&A costs, it adds $4. 9 more per barrel in variable costs. Yet, the price of the light will still be the same as the lager. It will produce a 60% awareness level for Mountain Man Light, however, reduces the contribution margin by 16%; the price remains the same and cost of goods sold increases. Adding an expense like $750,000, a company should expect it to be better for the company. A 16% decrease in the contribution margin is not good for a company like Mountain Man that has its one specialty product in which it is known for.THE LAUNCHAlthough it is not recommended to introduce this Mountain Man Light because of the previous stated concerns, Mountain Man should not stop there and let the company fail. Mountain Man can take their $750,000 and introduce another beer just not a â€Å"light beer†. Keep the authentic, rugged brand image by introducing a different type of brew that will continue to appeal to the target market. Mountain Man should try to increase its target market with its original idea before it tries to introduce a new brand.If this is not ideal, the $750,000 can be spent on gaining, and retaining, a younger, beer drinking crowd. There is always a way to appeal to a younger crowd, Mountain Man needs to find the window of opportunity and take those consumers. With the high awareness of Mountain Man Lager by the younger beer drinker, however, Mountain Man could change their marketing strategy and discover a way to appeal to the younger market. | Contribution of Lager and Light Breakeven in Dollars and Units (Barrels) Market Share Cannibalization of 5% Cannibalization of 20%

How to Reduce Poverty Through Education Essay

There is no strict consensus on a standard definition of poverty that applies to all countries. Some define poverty through the inequality of income distribution, and some through the miserable human conditions associated with it. Irrespective of such differences, poverty is widespread and acute by all standards in sub-Saharan Africa, where gross domestic product (GDP) is below $1,500 per capita purchasing power parity, where more than 40 per cent of their people live on less than $1 a day, and poor health and schooling hold back productivity. According to the 2009 Human Development Report, sub-Saharan Africa’s Human Development Index, which measures development by combining indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment, and income lies in the range of 0.45–0.55, compared to 0.7 and above in other regions of the world. Poverty in sub-Saharan Africa will continue to rise unless the benefits of economic development reach the people. Some sub-Saharan countries have therefore formulated development visions and strategies, identifying respective sources of growth. Tanzania case study The Tanzania Development Vision 2025, for example, aims at transforming a low productivity agricultural economy into a semi-industrialized one through medium-term frameworks, the latest being the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP). A review of NSGRP implementation, documented in Tanzania’s Poverty and Human Development Report 2009, attributed the falling GDP—from 7.8 per cent in 2004 to 6.7 per cent in 2006—to the prolonged drought during 2005/06. A further fall to 5 per cent was projected by 2009 due to the global financial crisis. While the proportion of households living below the poverty line reduced slightly from 35.7 per cent in 2000 to 33.6 per cent in 2007, the actual number of poor Tanzanians is increasing because the population is growing at a faster rate. The 2009 HDR showed a similar trend whereby the Human Development Index in Tanzania shot up from 0.436 to 0.53 between 1990 and 2007, and in the same year the GDP reached $1,208 per capita purchasing power parity. Again, the improvements, though commendable, are still modest when compared with the goal of NSGRP and Millennium Development Goal 1 to reduce by 50 per cent the number of people whose income is less than $1 a day by 2010 and 2015. More deliberate efforts are therefore required to redress the situation, with more emphasis placed particularly on education, as most poverty-reduction interventions depend on the availability of human capital for spearheading them. The envisaged economic growth depends on the quantity and quality of inputs, including land, natural resources, labour, and technology. Quality of inputs to a great extent relies on embodied knowledge and skills, which are the basis for innovation, technology development and transfer, and increased productivity and competitiveness. A quick assessment in June 2010 of education statistics in Tanzania indicated that primary school enrolment increased by 5.8 per cent, from 7,959,884 pupils in 2006 to 8,419,305 in 2010. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) was 106.4 per cent. The transition rate from primary to secondary schools, however, decreased by 6.6 per cent from 49.3 per cent in 2005 to 43.9 per cent in 2009. On an annual average, out of 789,739 pupils who completed primary education, only 418,864 continued on to secondary education, notwithstanding the expansion of secondary school enrolment, from 675,672 students in 2006 to 1,638,699 in 2010, a GER increase from 14.8 to 34.0 percent. Moreover, the observed expansion in secondary school education mainly took place from grades one through four, where the number increased from 630,245 in 2006 to 1,566,685 students in 2010. As such, out of 141,527 students who on an annual average completed ordinary secondary education, only 36,014 proceeded to advanced secondary education. Some improvements have also been recorded at the tertiary level. While enrolment in universities was 37,667 students in 2004/05, there were 118,951 in 2009/10. Adding to this number the students in non-university tertiary institutions totalled 50,173 in 2009/10 and the overall tertiary enrolment reached 169,124 students, providing a GER of 5.3 percent, which is very low. The observed transition rates imply that, on average, 370,875 primary school children terminate their education journey every year at 13 to 14 years of age in Tanzania. The†¨17- to 19-year-old secondary school graduates, unable to obtain opportunities for further education, worsen the situation and the  overall negative impact on economic growth is very apparent, unless there are other opportunities to develop and empower the secondary school graduates. Vocational education and training could be one such opportunity, but the total current enrolment in vocational education in Tanzania is about 117,000 trainees, which is still far from actual needs. A long-term strategy is therefore critical to expand the capacity for vocational education and training so as to increase the employability of the rising numbers of out-of-school youths. This fact was also apparent in the 2006 Tanzania Integrated Labour Force Survey, which indicated that youth between 15 and 24 years were more likely to be unemployed compared to other age groups because they were entering the labour market for the first time without any skills or work experience. The NSGRP target was to reduce unemployment from 12.9 per cent in 2000/01 to 6.9 per cent by 2010; hence the unemployment rate of 11 per cent in 2006 was disheartening. One can easily notice that while enrolment in basic education is promising, the situation at other levels remains bleak in meeting poverty reduction targets. Moreover, apart from the noticeably low university enrolment in Tanzania, only 29 per cent of students are taking science and technology courses, probably due to the small catchment pool at lower levels. While this is so, sustainable and broad-based growth requires strengthening of the link between agriculture and industry. Agriculture needs to be modernized for increased productivity and profitability; small and medium enterprises, promoted, with particular emphasis on agro-processing, technology innovation, and upgrading the use of technologies for value addition; and all, with no or minimum negative impact on the environment. Increased investments in human and physical capital are also highly advocated, focusing on efficient and cost-effective provision of infrastructure for energy, information and communication technologies, and transport with special attention to opening up rural and other areas with economic potential. All these point to the promotion of education in science and technology. Special incentives for attracting investments towards accelerating growth are also emphasized. Experience from elsewhere indicates that foreign direct investment contributes effectively to economic growth when the country has a highly-educated workforce. Domestic firms also need  to be supported and encouraged to pay attention to product development and innovation for ensuring quality and appropriate marketing strategies that make them competitive and capable of responding to global market conditions.  It is therefore very apparent from the Tanzania example that most of the required interventions for growth and the reduction of poverty require a critical mass of high-quality educated people at different levels to effectively respond to the sustainable development challenges of nations.